Applications

Check sloshing wall pressure against measurements, then explore prescribed tank roll, tank drainage, gated spillways, and reduced-gravity sloshing with GPU-native CFD. Each application states the question, inputs, and what to compare.

Side view of the tank as the water sloshes and slams into the end wall, coloured by speed. Below it, the simulated pressure at the wall probe P1 draws in step with the motion over the measured trace; each impact spike lines up with a measured one.

Check sloshing wall pressure against experiment.

Shake a shallow tank side to side and compare the wall-pressure history with published measurements.

Perspective view of a long tank. A column of water at the far end collapses, runs along the floor, slams into a small box and sprays over it, then sloshes back. Below it, the simulated pressure on the front of the box draws in step over the measured trace.

Check a dam-break impact on a box against experiment.

Release a column of water onto a box in a long tank and compare the impact pressure and water levels with measurements.

Side cutaway of a tank draining through two horizontal pipes. Both jets run at first; the upper jet thins and stops once the level falls below its pipe, while the lower jet keeps flowing.

Follow water through two outlets.

Watch a tank drain through two pipes at different heights as the water level falls.

The labyrinth spillway set up in the Prelimina interface, followed by an orbit around the exported flow: water released through two gates runs down the chute, coloured by speed.

Watch a gated spillway release.

Lift the gates on a labyrinth spillway and follow the released water over the crest and down the chute.

Two identical tanks shaken side to side. At 1 g a single wave travels the tank; at 0.01 g the liquid is thrown up the walls in thin sheets that arc slowly back down.

Compare sloshing at reduced gravity.

Shake the same tank the same way at 1 g and at 0.01 g and compare how the liquid moves.

Two half-filled spherical tanks side by side. After gravity drops, the wetting liquid on the left climbs the wall and leaves a curved hollow; the non-wetting liquid on the right pulls away from the wall and rises into a dome.

Wetting takes over in microgravity.

Drop a half-filled spherical tank from 0.1 g to 0.001 g and watch surface tension and the wall contact angle reshape the liquid.

Side view of a long, closed tank rolling a few degrees each way. The shallow water runs to one end and slams into the left wall, sending a sheet up the wall to the lid, then runs back; four times in all. Below it, the simulated pressure at the wall sensor S1 draws in step over the measured trace, each impact lining up with a measured one.

Check pressure in a sloshing tank.

Roll a shallow water tank with the measured motion of SPHERIC benchmark Test 10 and compare the wall pressure through four lateral impacts.

A cube seen from one corner, with the nearest eighth cut away to show the inside. It starts dark red and cools from its edges and corners inwards, turning green and then blue while the centre stays warm longest. Below it, the simulated temperatures at the centre, a face centre and a corner draw in step over the exact curves and stay on them.

Check heat conduction in a cooling block against the exact solution.

Cool a hot steel cube through all six faces and compare the temperature at its centre, a face and a corner with the exact solution.

A square box of air, hot on the left wall and cold on the right. Arrows show the air rising along the hot wall, crossing the top, sinking along the cold wall and returning along the floor, while the box fills with warm air above and cool air below. Below it, the hot-wall heat flow draws in step: it jumps at the start, dips, and then settles on the dashed benchmark line.

Check buoyant air flow in a heated box against a benchmark.

Heat one wall of a closed box of air and cool the opposite one, and compare the heat flow and the air speeds with the standard natural-convection benchmark.

A section through the centre plane of a horizontal cylindrical tank with rounded ends, a quarter full of water, pitching three degrees each way. A wave runs back and forth along the tank and climbs the end walls; each time it passes under the sensor on the roof near the left end, the water there rises and falls. Below it, the simulated elevation at the sensor draws in step over the measured trace.

Check sloshing in a pitching fuel tank against experiment.

Pitch a cylindrical LNG fuel tank near its first sloshing mode and compare the free-surface elevation at a roof sensor with measurements and a published 3D RANS simulation.

Section through the middle of the closed tank, seen in the tank frame, over two forcing periods. The water, coloured by speed, runs along the floor, climbs the right-hand end wall and falls back, then runs to the left wall and back again; the air above it is light grey. Below it, the simulated pressure at the wall probe P1 draws in step over the measured trace, rising with each measured impact.

Check sloshing wall pressure with the air resolved.

The same tank as application 01, now with the air resolved: shake the closed tank side to side with both water and air simulated, and compare the wall-pressure impulse with published measurements.